HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT NHANH

IELTS Writing Task 1 – Employment by Gender (1990–2010)

1. Hiểu đề (1 câu là đủ)

Bảng cho biết tỷ lệ (%) nam và nữ làm việc trong 4 ngành (Retail, Health, Manufacturing, Tourism) qua 3 năm: 1990, 2000, 2010.

2. Introduction (Paraphrase gọn)

→ The table compares the percentages of male and female workers in four sectors in 1990, 2000 and 2010.

3. Overview (2 ý chính là đủ)

Nam: xu hướng không đồng đều, Manufacturing giảm mạnh nhất
Nữ: tăng ở hầu hết ngành, đặc biệt là Tourism luôn cao nhất

→ Viết 1–2 câu, không cần số.

4. Body chia theo giới (dễ viết nhất)

BODY 1 – Nam

1990: Manufacturing cao nhất (30%), Health thấp nhất (7%)
Manufacturing: giảm mạnh (30 → 15 → 10)
Các ngành còn lại:
Retail: giữ nguyên (13)
Tourism: giảm nhẹ rồi ổn định (13 → 10 → 10)
Health: tăng nhẹ (7 → 7 → 9)

Key idea: Manufacturing giảm mạnh, còn lại khá ổn định

BODY 2 – Nữ

1990: Tourism cao nhất (23%), Retail & Manufacturing thấp nhất (7)
Tourism: tăng đều (23 → 25 → 27)
Health: tăng đều (9 → 11 → 15)
Retail: tăng nhẹ (7 → 8 → 9)
Manufacturing: tăng rồi giảm mạnh (7 → 8 → 3)

Key idea: đa số ngành tăng, trừ Manufacturing giảm mạnh cuối kỳ

5. Từ vựng thay thế (ăn điểm nhanh)

male/female workers → male/female employment
increase → rise / grow
decrease → decline / fall
stay the same → remain stable

The table compares the percentages of men and women working in four sectors—retail, health, manufacturing and tourism—in 1990, 2000 and 2010.

Overall, men were more concentrated in manufacturing, although their participation declined markedly over time, while women were more represented in tourism and health, both of which saw steady growth. Retail remained relatively stable for both genders.

In detail, male employment in manufacturing dropped significantly from 30% in 1990 to 15% in 2000 and further to 10% in 2010. A similar but less dramatic decline was seen in tourism, from 13% to 10%, where it then stabilised. By contrast, the proportion of men working in retail remained unchanged at 13% across all three years, while health rose slightly from 7% to 9%.

For women, tourism was consistently the largest sector, increasing from 23% in 1990 to 27% in 2010. Employment in health also rose steadily from 9% to 15%, making it the second most significant sector. Retail saw a gradual increase from 7% to 9%, whereas manufacturing remained the least common, fluctuating slightly before falling to just 3% in 2010.

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