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Pie chart \+ Bar chart: Commuting time & transport modes (UK, 2009)

1. Giải thích đề

Biểu đồ tròn cho thấy thời gian đi làm trung bình của người lao động ở Anh năm 2009.

Biểu đồ cột so sánh phương tiện đi làm ở London và phần còn lại của UK.

→ Dạng: mixed charts (pie \+ bar)

2. Introduction (paraphrase)

Giữ các từ khóa:

commute time

transport modes

London and the rest of the UK

Có thể dùng:

shows → illustrates / compares

Mẫu:

The pie chart illustrates the average commuting time in the UK, while the bar chart compares modes of transport used in London and the rest of the country in 2009.

3. Overview (ý chính)

Phần lớn người lao động đi làm dưới 30 phút

Car là phương tiện phổ biến nhất, đặc biệt ở ngoài London

London sử dụng nhiều phương tiện công cộng hơn (train, underground)

Underground gần như chỉ phổ biến ở London

→ xu hướng: ngoài London phụ thuộc vào ô tô, trong khi London ưu tiên giao thông công cộng

4. BODY 1 – Pie chart (Commuting time)

1–15 mins: 42% → cao nhất

16–30 mins: 33%

31–45 mins: 12%

45–60 mins: 8%

60+ mins: 5% → thấp nhất

→ Ý chính: đa số người đi làm trong vòng 30 phút

5. BODY 2 – Bar chart (Transport modes)

Car:

London: \~37%

Rest of UK: \~70% → cao nhất

Walk:

London: \~18%

Rest: \~20%

Bus:

London: \~23%

Rest: \~17%

Bicycle:

London: \~4%

Rest: \~3%

Train:

London: \~29%

Rest: \~2%

Underground:

London: \~27%

Rest: \~1%

→ Ý chính: London sử dụng train và underground nhiều hơn, trong khi vùng khác phụ thuộc vào car

6. Gợi ý từ vựng

account for

make up

be the most common mode

be heavily reliant on

be significantly higher/lower

in contrast

The pie chart and bar chart illustrate average commuting times in the UK and the modes of transport used by workers in London and the rest of the UK in 2009.

Overall, most workers had relatively short commutes, with journeys under 30 minutes accounting for the majority. In terms of transport, cars were by far the most common mode outside London, whereas London commuters relied more heavily on public transport, particularly trains and the underground.

Regarding commuting time, the largest proportion of workers (42%) travelled for just 1–15 minutes. A further 33% had journeys lasting 16–30 minutes, meaning that three-quarters of workers commuted for under half an hour. Longer journeys were far less common, with 12% travelling for 31–45 minutes, 8% for 45–60 minutes, and only 5% commuting for over an hour.

In terms of transport modes, car use dominated in the rest of the UK, accounting for just over 70% of commuters, compared to around 35% in London. Walking was relatively similar in both areas, at approximately 18% in London and 20% elsewhere. Bus usage was slightly higher in London (about 23%) than in the rest of the country (around 17%). By contrast, rail-based transport showed the greatest difference: trains were used by roughly 29% of London workers but only about 2% outside the capital, while the underground was used by around 27% in London and was negligible elsewhere. Cycling remained the least common mode in both regions, at roughly 3–4%.

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