HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT BÀI

USA Labour Force Employment (1930–2010)

1\. Giải thích đề

Biểu đồ đường thể hiện tỷ lệ (%) lực lượng lao động Mỹ làm việc trong 5 lĩnh vực (industrial, technical, sales & office, other services, farming/fishing/forestry) từ 1930 đến 2010.

→ Dạng: line graph (time \+ multiple categories)

2\. Introduction (paraphrase)

The line graph illustrates the percentage of the US labour force employed in five different sectors between 1930 and 2010\.

3\. Overview (ý chính)

Nhìn chung, farming giảm mạnh, trong khi industrial và technical tăng đáng kể
Industrial trở thành ngành lớn nhất vào cuối kỳ
Các ngành còn lại tăng nhẹ hoặc tương đối ổn định

4\. Cách chia BODY

→ Chia theo giảm mạnh vs tăng

BODY 1 – Farming (giảm mạnh)

Farming, fishing and forestry:

→ chiếm khoảng 75% (1930) – cao nhất

→ giảm đều xuống 60% (1970)

→ giảm mạnh còn \~30% (1990)

→ tiếp tục giảm xuống gần 0% (2010)

→ Key idea:

Đây là ngành giảm mạnh nhất, từ dominant → gần như biến mất

BODY 2 – Các ngành còn lại (tăng)

Industrial:

→ gần như 0% (1930–1950)

→ tăng mạnh sau 1970, đạt khoảng \~38% (2010) → cao nhất

Technical:

→ tăng đều từ \~2% lên \~25%

Sales and office:

→ tăng dần từ \~10% lên \~20%

Other services:

→ dao động nhẹ quanh 8–10%, tương đối ổn định

→ Key idea:

Lao động chuyển dịch từ nông nghiệp sang công nghiệp và dịch vụ

5\. Từ vựng & cấu trúc ăn điểm

Trend verbs:

decline dramatically
rise steadily
remain stable
increase sharply

Useful structures:

accounted for the largest proportion
experienced a significant decline
showed a steady upward trend
became the dominant sector

So sánh:

in contrast
whereas
compared to

Ví dụ câu:

Employment in farming declined dramatically over the period.
Industrial jobs rose sharply and became the dominant sector by 2010\.
Other services, by contrast, remained relatively stable throughout.

The line graph illustrates the proportion of the US labour force employed in five sectors between 1930 and 2010\.

Overall, employment in farming, fishing and forestry declined dramatically, while industrial and technical sectors grew substantially. Sales and office work also increased, whereas other services remained relatively stable over time.

In 1930, agriculture-related jobs dominated, accounting for roughly 75% of employment. This figure fell steadily to about 60% in 1970, then dropped sharply to 40% in 1980 and continued to decline to just around 2% by 2010\. In contrast, industrial employment rose from almost 0% in 1930 to around 10% in 1970, before increasing more rapidly to approximately 37% in 2010, becoming the largest sector.

Technical occupations followed a similar upward trend, growing from about 2% in 1930 to roughly 25% by the end of the period. Meanwhile, jobs in sales and office work increased more gradually, rising from around 10% in 1930 to nearly 20% in 2010, despite a slight fluctuation around 1960\.

By comparison, other services showed only minor variation. After peaking at about 15% in 1940, this category declined slightly and then stabilised at around 9–10% from 1980 onwards.

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