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IELTS Writing Task 1 – Expenditure by age groups (UK, 2004)

1. Hiểu đề bài

Biểu đồ cho thấy tỷ lệ chi tiêu cho 3 hạng mục: Food; Housing; Transport, ở 4 nhóm tuổi: Under 30; 30–49; 50–64; 65+ tại UK năm 2004

Dạng này: so sánh giữa các nhóm (không có yếu tố thời gian) nha

2. Cách viết Introduction

Paraphrase với:

the proportion of expenditure
three categories
different age groups in the UK

3. Cách viết Overview

Housing chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất ở tất cả các nhóm
Food tăng dần theo độ tuổi
Transport khá ổn định, dao động nhẹ
Người trẻ chi nhiều cho Housing hơn người già

4. Cách chia Body

BODY 1 – Under 30 & 30–49

Under 30: Housing 38% (cao nhất); Food 12% (thấp nhất); Transport 15%
30–49: Housing 34%; Food 16%; Transport 20% (cao nhất trong 3 nhóm transport)

→ Housing giảm nhẹ theo tuổi, Food & Transport tăng

BODY 2 – 50–64 & 65+

50–64: Housing 28%; Food 18%; Transport 18%
65+: Housing 25%; Food 22% (cao nhất); Transport 15%

→ Food tăng rõ khi về già; Housing tiếp tục giảm

5. Gợi ý paraphrase

the proportion of spending
accounted for the largest share
increased with age
remained relatively stable
saw a slight decline

Ví dụ:

Spending on food increased steadily with age, reaching 22% among those aged 65 and over.

The bar chart compares how residents in the UK allocated their spending on food, housing and transport across four age groups in 2004.

Overall, housing accounted for the largest share of expenditure in all age groups, although its proportion declined with age. In contrast, spending on food increased steadily among older people, while transport remained relatively stable with minor fluctuations.

Among those under 30, housing dominated at 38%, followed by transport at 15% and food at 12%. A similar pattern is seen in the 30–49 group, where housing made up 34%, while transport and food accounted for 20% and 16%, respectively.

For older groups, the share of housing expenditure decreased to 28% for those aged 50–64 and further to 25% among those aged 65 and over. Meanwhile, food spending rose gradually from 18% to 22% across these two groups. Transport expenditure remained unchanged at 18% for the 50–64 group before dropping slightly to 15% in the oldest category.

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